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Natural hydraulic lime and natural cement: a possible solution to more sustainable future of construction binders
Rokosová, Dita ; Přikryl, Richard (advisor) ; Kozlovcev, Petr (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to address the issue of carbon dioxide emissions in the production of Portland cement. CO2 emissions are generated during the production of this hydraulic binder not only by burning fuels needed for the firing of cement clinker, but primarily during the process called calcination. Alternatives to Portland cement could be Roman cement and/or natural hydraulic lime, which are fired at lower temperatures than Portland cement. Firing at lower temperatures saves fuel needed for firing the raw material mixture, and particularly prevents the mixture from being heated above the sintering temperature. This bachelor's thesis also analyses the use of biomass fuels, solid municipal waste, etc., which are widely used for clinker firing instead of fossil fuels in the Czech Republic. Graphs, based on data from the Czech Cement Industry Association, were created to demonstrate the relationship between the increasing proportion of alternative fuels and the rising consumption of heat required for clinker firing. In the final part of the thesis, three geological areas in the Czech Republic, where a long history of hydraulic binder production continues until the present, are examined. These locations are described, and three rock formations are identified based on previous analyses, which...
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Influence of the mineralogical composition of raw material on phases formed during the burning of hydraulic lime and natural cement
Kozlovcev, Petr ; Přikryl, Richard (advisor) ; Hladil, Jindřich (referee) ; Škvára, František (referee)
Natural hydraulic lime and natural cement have been used in the building industry for centuries. These inorganic hydraulic binders are called "traditional" or "alternative" because they can, in some cases, substitute modern Portland cement. The recent increased interest in these binders is due not only to their use in restoration practices, but also because their production and use is less energetically demanding than in modern cements. Historically, many types of hydraulic binders were produced in the regions of Bohemia and Moravia. However, much information has been lost about their manufacturing process, which raw materials were used, and we are uncertain of the exact character and properties of the burned material. To date, studies have only addressed the impact of the chemical composition of raw material on the parameters of the burned material - all this is well known for Portland cement, much less for other types of hydraulic binders. The aim of this dissertation was to study the various types of raw materials (limestone containing non- carbon admixtures) and to understand the characteristics of their respective hydraulic lime and natural cement. This was done by analyzing the impact of conditions (highest achieved burning temperature and time of burning) and the mineral and chemical...
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Influence of the mineralogical composition of raw material on phases formed during the burning of hydraulic lime and natural cement
Kozlovcev, Petr ; Přikryl, Richard (advisor) ; Hladil, Jindřich (referee) ; Škvára, František (referee)
Natural hydraulic lime and natural cement have been used in the building industry for centuries. These inorganic hydraulic binders are called "traditional" or "alternative" because they can, in some cases, substitute modern Portland cement. The recent increased interest in these binders is due not only to their use in restoration practices, but also because their production and use is less energetically demanding than in modern cements. Historically, many types of hydraulic binders were produced in the regions of Bohemia and Moravia. However, much information has been lost about their manufacturing process, which raw materials were used, and we are uncertain of the exact character and properties of the burned material. To date, studies have only addressed the impact of the chemical composition of raw material on the parameters of the burned material - all this is well known for Portland cement, much less for other types of hydraulic binders. The aim of this dissertation was to study the various types of raw materials (limestone containing non- carbon admixtures) and to understand the characteristics of their respective hydraulic lime and natural cement. This was done by analyzing the impact of conditions (highest achieved burning temperature and time of burning) and the mineral and chemical...
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